Find Nearest Weight Watchers

Find Nearest Weight Watchers

It's January and that means at least half of us have begun a weight loss programme.

But this year shifting the festive flab is an even bigger challenge than it normally is when you throw lockdown and all the restrictions that brings into the mix too.

And more people will also be trying to lose weight this January as well , after it was proven that being obese puts you more at risk of contracting coronavirus.

Losing weight with a slimming club during the pandemic

Usually in the New Year we'd go to the gym, get outdoors and exercise more and maybe even join a slimming club.  But the gyms are closed and restrictions have meant we are limited to how often we can go outside.

One of the biggest changes this January is the closure of slimming club meetings, such as WW (Weightwatchers) where in previous years you could go to meet fellow slimmers, swap tips and get advice from an expert.

But since the start of the pandemic last March, all clubs have had to stop their in-person meetings and go online.

WW closed its classes and online, making all of its sessions virtual - but now as we begin 2021 it has gone a step further.

How does WW work?

Every food is given a SmartPoints value - roughly equivalent to calories - and members are given daily and weekly allowances of points and by sticking to them, will lose weight.

There's also a long list of "ZeroPoint foods" which you can eat in unlimited amounts.

WW subscribers will get access to the app, with its wide range of exercises, meal plans and fitness advice (Image: WW)

What happens when I join?

Previously, if you joined WW you would join a local group - or "workshop" - and attend that every week, either in person (pre lockdown) or virtually.

You would be weighed, asked how much you wanted to lose, and then given your SmartsPoints allowance and all the material relating to food and healthy eating.

Other membership options were online only - where you didn't attend any workshops but still had access to WW's food databases and were given your points allowances.

Slimmers are encouraged to add exercise into their routine to help weight loss (Image: (c) 2013 Lumina Images. All rights reserved.)

How does WW work now?

For 2021 a big change has been introduced - Unlimited Workshops.  This means once you've joined, you can go to as many virtual sessions as you like, anywhere in the country.

You will no longer be tied to your once a week local group, but can pick and choose when and where you go virtually.

You will be given a list of over 500 WW leaders - "Coaches" - and you can look at their photographs, read their stories and decide which one you like the look of.

So, for example, even if you live in Birmingham, you could "attend" the meeting of a coach in London, just because their session is on at a time and day which suits you, or you just like the look of them.

What is the big change?

Members won't have to attend the same meeting at the same time every week.  They can also log on as often or little as they like, at times which suit them.

What happens when lockdown ends?

When restrictions are lifted WW has said it will be reopening its workshops.

These will be called WW Express Workshops and members will be able to go along in person to be weighed, chat to fellow slimmers and also meet their coaches.

But they can also choose to remain virtual and only attend online sessions, if they want to.

What else is new for 2021?

The WW app now has a "healthy body healthy mind" feature, giving members access to mindfulness and meditations, guided walking sessions, fitness yoga and dance exercises.

There is also access to the FitPoints list, where every physical activity is given a value and members can earn extra SmartPoints by being active.

Find Nearest Weight Watchers

Source: https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/health/big-change-ww-weightwatchers-brought-19602214

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How Long To Burn A Pound Of Fat

How Long To Burn A Pound Of Fat

Exercising can help with weight loss, but it probably isn't as effective as dieting.

Image Credit: FatCamera/E+/GettyImages

If you want to lose a single pound of weight by exercise alone, you'll need to get quite a bit of exercise. You'll also need to make sure you don't eat more than you usually would or you'll need to get even more exercise.

How much exercise you need to lose 1 pound depends on your weight, the exercise you choose and how vigorously you work out.

Tip

In order to lose 1 pound, you need to burn 3,500 calories with exercise. The exact amount of exercise needed depends on the specific activity and your intensity level.

Do the Math

To lose 1 pound of body weight, you'll need to burn an extra 3,500 calories. So to lose 1 pound a week, you could aim to do a daily workout that burns about 500 calories.

Burning about 1,000 extra calories per day through exercise would help you lose about two pounds per week. Losing weight and limiting the risk of regaining this weight often requires at least an hour of exercise per day, according to the American Council on Exercise.

Boost Your Intensity

The more vigorously you exercise, the more calories you'll burn. Dancing, calisthenics, walking at 4 miles per hour and mowing the lawn while pushing a power mower, all burn about the same number of calories per minute, according to Harvard Health Publishing. These are all relatively moderate-intensity exercises.

You'll burn twice as many calories per minute by running at 6 miles per hour, because of running's increased intensity level. Jumping rope, doing taekwondo or high-impact step aerobics, cycling at least 16 miles an hour, playing handball and swimming laps vigorously are among the better ways to burn a lot of calories quickly through exercise.

For example, someone who weighs 125 pounds burns 600 calories an hour doing high-impact step aerobics; a 155-pound person burns 744 calories per hour; and a 185-pound person burns 888 pounds per hour.

On the other hand, walking at 4 miles per hour only burns 270 calories per hour for a 125-pound person, 334 calories per hour for a 155-pound person and 400 calories per hour for a 185-pound person.

Consider the Calories

The more you weigh, the more calories it takes for you to do a particular exercise, so heavier people burn more calories in the same amount of time than lighter individuals.

For example, according to Harvard Health Publishing, a 185-pound person would burn 532 calories in an hour of using the stair stepper machine or by doing vigorous weight lifting, but a 155-pound person would only burn 446 calories and a 125-pound person would only burn 360 calories.

Thus, a 185-pound person would need to exercise for an hour a day for about seven days to lose 1 pound doing one of these exercises, but it would take the 125-pound person about 10 days of exercising for an hour a day. It is also important to consider that the 125-pound person may not have much excess weight to lose.

Playing handball or bicycling at 16 miles per hour would burn about the same number of calories in about half the time, but it would take about twice as long to burn these calories if you choose to get your exercise by playing Frisbee, bowling, playing water volleyball or by slow dancing.

Don't Depend on Exercise Alone

Typically, exercise on its own isn't very effective for weight loss. Only about 2 percent of study participants on the National Weight Control Registry who lost weight and kept it off for at least a year did so through exercise alone.

An article published in Obesity Reviews in September 2013 notes that people tend to lose less weight than predicted through exercise, mostly because people don't exercise as much as they need to and may compensate for the increased exercise by eating more or by getting less non-exercise activity, thus minimizing the calorie deficit they're creating.

Consider This Alternative

A study published in Systematic Reviews in October 2014 found that a combination of diet and exercise was best for weight loss and that dieting was more effective than exercising for people who opt to use only one of these methods.

Another study, published by Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics in October 2014, had similar results, noting that in the short term, dieting alone and dieting plus exercise appeared to be about equally effective — but in the long term, the combination of diet and exercise yielded better results.

So you may be better off trying to cut 500 calories from your diet each day, along with getting about an hour of aerobic exercise. Don't forget strength training, as this can increase muscle mass and metabolism so you'll burn more calories, even when you aren't exercising.

Try to fit in at least two strength-training workouts per week, including a number of exercises to target all major muscle groups.

How Long To Burn A Pound Of Fat

Source: https://www.livestrong.com/article/381733-how-much-exercise-is-needed-to-lose-1-pound-of-weight/

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Mercedes E63 Amg Coupe Black Series

Mercedes E63 Amg Coupe Black Series

Nov 17, 2016 at 10:30am ET

Mercedes hasn't been selling a Black Series model for several years following the demise of the previous-gen C63 Coupe and the SLS AMG, but the moniker is all set to make a comeback. Tobias Moers, the man in charge at Mercedes-AMG, has revealed a hardcore car worthy of the "Black Series" nameplate is being considered and if approved, it will be based on the C63. The body style has not been specified, but it would make sense for the coupe to be once again blessed with the Black Series treatment.

The old one came with a naturally-aspirated 6.2-liter V8, whereas its successor is expected to borrow the biturbo 4.0-liter V8 from the recently introduced Mercedes-AMG E63. In its highest state of tune, the AMG engine pushes out a healthy 603 horsepower (450 kilowatts) and 627 pound-feet (850 Newton-meters) of torque in the range-toping E63 S model currently on display at the Los Angeles Auto Show.

Speaking of the E63, Moers denied rumors about working on a Black Series model, but he did reveal a GT Black Series is still being considered. That being said, Moers added that it could prove to be quite tricky to come out with more upgrades over the already very potent R version to make the car live up to the Black Series badge.

While we're waiting for a new C63 Coupe Black Series, Mercedes-AMG is working on a new member of the family bound to be positioned right below it. The model in question, which is pictured above, will bear the "R" suffix and has already been caught on camera testing as a prototype and flaunting a fixed rear wing. It will have more power and less weight than the C63 S and is expected to come out at some point next year. As for the Black Series, it's probably not due until 2018, and only if it will be given the green light.

Source: Autocar

Renders: Theophilus Chin, Samuele Piccarini Design

Gallery: Mercedes-AMG C63 Coupe Black Series renders

Mercedes E63 Amg Coupe Black Series

Source: https://www.motor1.com/news/128824/mercedes-amg-c63-black-series/

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Yamaha R6r 2012

Yamaha R6r 2012

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Yamaha R6r 2012

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06 Peugeot 407

06 Peugeot 407

Motor vehicle

Peugeot 407
2005 Peugeot 407 ST HDi Executive sedan
Overview
Manufacturer	Peugeot
Production	2003–2010 2006–2011 (coupé)
Assembly	France: Rennes (Rennes Plant) Malaysia: Gurun (NAM)
Body and chassis
Class	Large family car (D)
Body style	4-door saloon/sedan 5-door estate/station wagon 2-door coupé
Layout	Front-engine, front-wheel-drive
Platform	PSA PF3 platform
Related	Citroën C5 Citroën C6
Powertrain
Engine	1.8 L EW7 I4 (petrol) 2.0 L EW10 I4 (petrol) 2.2 L EW12 I4 (petrol) 3.0 L ES9 V6 (petrol) 1.6 L DV6 I4 HDi (diesel) 2.0 L DW10 I4 HDi (diesel) 2.2 L DW12 I4 HDi BiTurbo (diesel) 2.7 L DT17 V6 HDi BiTurbo (diesel) 3.0 L DT20 V6 HDi BiTurbo (diesel)
Transmission	5-speed manual 6-speed manual 4-speed PSA - Renault automatic 6-speed Aramox AF40/Aisin TF80SC automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,725 mm (107.3 in)
Length	4,676 mm (184.1 in) (sedan) 4,763 mm (187.5 in) (wagon) 4,815 mm (189.6 in) (coupé)
Width	1,811 mm (71.3 in) (sedan, wagon) 1,868 mm (73.5 in) (coupé)
Height	1,400 mm (55.1 in) (coupé) 1,455 mm (57.3 in) (sedan) 1,494 mm (58.8 in) (wagon)
Kerb weight	1555 kg (2.2 petrol sedan Man) 1580 kg (2.0 diesel sedan Man) 1591 kg (2.2 petrol sedan Auto) 1616 kg (2.0 diesel sedan Auto) 1646 kg (2.2 petrol wagon Auto) 1660 kg (3.0 petrol sedan Auto) 1671 kg (2.0 diesel wagon Auto) 1715 kg (3.0 petrol wagon Auto)
Chronology
Predecessor	Peugeot 406
Successor	Peugeot 508 Peugeot RCZ (for coupé)

The Peugeot 407 is a large family car produced by the French automaker Peugeot, from 2003 to 2010. It was available in saloon, coupé and estate variants, with both diesel and petrol engines. The petrol engines ranged from 1.8 to 2.9 litres displacement, whereas the diesels ranged from 1.6 to 3.0 litre engines.

Sales commenced in April 2004, in France, with the rest of Europe commencing the following month.^[1] According to the website of the European Car of the Year, the 407 was one of the nominees for the award, in 2005.^[2]

The 407 was introduced in June 2004 as a replacement to the Peugeot 406, and itself was replaced in December 2010 by the Peugeot 508, the nameplate spanning almost seven years of the car.^[3]

Overview [edit]

The 407 was the successor to the hugely successful Peugeot 406, and was launched in The Sunday Times Motorshow Live, on May 27, 2004.^[4] The streamlined design of the car was seen as quite radical by magazines, such as Autocar, its most distinctive features being its large front grille, and the steeply raked screen pillars.^[5]

Autocar also published undisguised spy photos, on three occasions throughout 2003, and commented the rear window line of the saloon had "the similar feel to the short wheelbase of the Ferrari 250."^[6] The car was first announced, and presented to the press in Paris, in December 2003, and Groupe PSA (then known as PSA Peugeot Citroën) invested in €1.12 billion, in launching the car.^{[7] [8]}

The estate, known as the Peugeot 407 SW, was launched four months after the saloon, in September 2004.^[9] The coupé was launched in July 2005, having been presented at the Frankfurt Motor Show of September 2005, and going on sale in January 2006.^[10] The annual sales of the Peugeot 407 peaked at 259,000 units in 2005, with 57,000 sales outside Europe. The coupé ended production in December 2011.^[11]

The models were given a minor facelift in August 2008, resulting most petrol engined models being withdrawn from sale in the United Kingdom, and other countries of Europe. One model was available with AMVAR electronic suspension, that controls each wheel's damping independently, adapting the hardness of the ride every 2.5 milliseconds, to suit the driving style.^[12]

• 

  Sedan (pre facelift)

• 

  Coupé

• 

  SW (pre facelift)

• 

  SW (facelift)

• 

  SW (facelift)

Safety [edit]

Engines [edit]

Peugeot 407 V6 (petrol engine)

Model	Engine type	Displacement	Valvetrain	Fuel system	Max. power at rpm	Max. torque at rpm	0–100 km/h (0-62 mph)	Vmax	Years
Petrol Engines
1.8	EW7 J4 (6FZ)	1,749 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Multi Point fuel injection	115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) @ 5,500 rpm	163 N⋅m (120 lb⋅ft) @ 4,500 rpm	12.9 s	200 km/h (124 mph)	2004–2005
1.8	EW7 (6FY)	1,749 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Multi Point fuel injection	125 PS (92 kW; 123 hp) @ 6,000 rpm	170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft) @ 3,750 rpm	10.3 s	203 km/h (126 mph)	2005–2010
2.0	EW10 J4 (RFN)	1,997 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Multi Point fuel injection	136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) @ 6,000 rpm	190 N⋅m (140 lb⋅ft) @ 4,100 rpm	10.3 s	212 km/h (132 mph)	2004–2005
2.0	EW10 A (RFJ)	1,997 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Multi Point fuel injection	140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) @ 6,000 rpm	200 N⋅m (148 lb⋅ft) @ 4,000 rpm	10.3 s	213 km/h (132 mph)	2005–2011
2.2	EW12 J4 (3FZ)	2,230 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Multi Point fuel injection	158 PS (116 kW; 156 hp) @ 5,650 rpm	217 N⋅m (160 lb⋅ft) @ 3,900 rpm	9.0 s (Man) 10.7 (Auto) SW: 11.1 s (Auto)[15]	220 km/h (137 mph)	2004–2005
2.2	EW12 J4 (3FY)	2,230 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Multi Point fuel injection	163 PS (120 kW; 161 hp) @ 5,875 rpm	220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) @ 4,150 rpm	10.1 s	222 km/h (138 mph)	2005–2009
3.0	ES9 A (XFV)	2,946 cc	V6 DOHC 24v	Multi Point fuel injection	211 PS (155 kW; 208 hp) @ 6,000 rpm	290 N⋅m (214 lb⋅ft) @ 3,750 rpm	8.7 s (Auto)[15]	235 km/h (146 mph)	2004–2006
Diesel Engines
1.6 HDi	DV6 TED4 (9HY/9HZ)	1,560 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Common rail direct injection	109 PS (80 kW; 108 hp) @ 4,000 rpm	240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) @ 1,750 rpm	13.1 s	192 km/h (119 mph)	2004–2010
2.0 HDi	DW10 BTED4 (RHR)	1,997 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Common rail direct injection	136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) @ 4,000 rpm	320 N⋅m (236 lb⋅ft) @ 2,000 rpm	9.8 s (Man) 10.7 (Auto) SW: 11.2s (Auto)[15]	208 km/h (129 mph)	2004–2009
2.0 HDi	DW10 BTED4 (RHF)	1,997 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Common rail direct injection	140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp) @ 4,000 rpm	320 N⋅m (236 lb⋅ft) @ 2,000 rpm	9.8 s	208 km/h (129 mph)	2008–2010
2.0 HDi	DW10 CTED4 (RHH)	1,997 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Common rail direct injection	163 PS (120 kW; 161 hp) @ 3,750 rpm	340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) @ 2,000–3,000 rpm	9.6 s	210 km/h (130 mph)	2009–2011
2.2 HDi	DW12 BTED4 (4HT)	2,179 cc	I4 DOHC 16v	Common rail direct injection	170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp) @ 4,000 rpm	370 N⋅m (273 lb⋅ft) @ 1,500 rpm	8.7 s	225 km/h (140 mph)	2006–2010
2.7 HDi	DT17 TED4 (UHZ)	2,720 cc	V6 DOHC 24v	Common rail direct injection	204 PS (150 kW; 201 hp) @ 4,000 rpm	440 N⋅m (325 lb⋅ft) @ 1,900 rpm	8.5 s	230 km/h (143 mph)	2006–2009
3.0 HDi	DT20 C	2,993 cc	V6 DOHC 24v	Common rail direct injection	241 PS (177 kW; 238 hp) @ 3,800 rpm	450 N⋅m (332 lb⋅ft) @ 1,600 rpm	7.9 s	245 km/h (152 mph)	2009–2011

Television commercials [edit]

The first advertisement, known as "The Toys" or "Les Jouets", featured life size toy cars shown up, by the sleek newly released Peugeot 407. Directed by Philippe André, for agency BETC Euro RSCG, the advert was filmed in Sydney, Australia (we see cars crossing the Sydney Harbour Bridge). André developed twenty model cars especially for the shoot. This campaign was launched in June 2004.^[16]

The soundtrack was provided by French duo, The Film, (Guillaume Brière & Benjamin Lebeau) with their song "Can You Touch Me", an adaptation of their earlier song, "Can You Trust Me".

The next advertisement featured the same scenario of life size toy cars in Sydney, this time taking a new Peugeot 407 SW out of the city, to the beachside home. Along the way, we see old and decrepit station wagons breaking down, or suffering from image problems. The soundtrack features "(Lady) Hear Me Tonight" by the Modjo. The commercials used the slogan "Playtime is Over", which some perceived to be the retort, to the then slogan of Renault's Laguna, "Serious Playtime", which was launched in August 2002.^[17]

The slogan given at the end in Spanish was "Volvamos a hablar de automóviles", i.e. "Let's talk about cars again".

407 concept cars [edit]

The saloon version of the 407 was firstly previewed, with the name "407 Elixir", at the 2003 Frankfurt Motor Show. The "407 Silhouette" is a race car, with most design features of the current coupé. A version, almost identical, to the released coupé, was presented at the 2005 Geneva Motor Show, under the name "407 Prologue". The "407 Macarena" is the four door coupé convertible, produced by Heuliez, and was presented at the 2006 Geneva Motor Show.

Notable film appearances [edit]

The 407 sedan appeared in the comedy film Taxi 4 of 2007, and the film Taxi 5, of 2018, unlike the previous films (1, 2 and 3) which had its predecessor (the 406).^[18]

Successor [edit]

Philippe Varin, from PSA, announced in November 2009 that the successor of the Peugeot 407 would not be called the Peugeot 408, but instead the Peugeot 508, which was officially launched at the Paris Motor Show, in October 2010.^[19]

The saloon of the 508 was approximately 12 cm (5 inches) longer than the 407, and also replaced the larger Peugeot 607.^[20] The name Peugeot 408 was used for the Chinese built notchback version of the Peugeot 308, that replaced the 407 in South America.

Model car releases [edit]

The saloon of the Peugeot 407 has been produced by Majorette and Norev, while the SW was only produced by Norev.

The coupé has been produced by Norev and Welly, and the concept "407 Elixr", which was presented in the 2003 Frankfurt Motor Show, has been produced only by Norev.

Sales [edit]

Year	Worldwide Production	Worldwide sales	Notes
2004	TBA	165,000[21]
2005	TBA	259,000[21]
2006	TBA	181,500[21]
2007	TBA	136,000[21]
2008	TBA	81,400[21]
2009	39,500[22]	39,500[21]
2010	28,900[22]	31,300[22]
2011	734[23]	2,605[23]	Total 407 production reaches 860,956 units.[23]

References [edit]

1. ^ "What price progress?". telegraph.co.uk. 24 April 2004. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
2. ^ "CAR OF THE YEAR 2005 NOMINEES". caroftheyear.org. 15 November 2004. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
3. ^ "Peugeot 508 HDi GT". autocar.co.uk. 17 January 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
4. ^ "Peugeot At The Sunday Times Motor Show Live 2004". May 12, 2004. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
5. ^ "Peugeot 407 2.0 HDi". autocar.co.uk. 20 April 2004. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
6. ^ "407 majors on style". autocar.co.uk. 11 December 2003. Retrieved 23 September 2020.
7. ^ "Peugeot 407". www.fleetnews.co.uk. 11 December 2003. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
8. ^ "PSA invests 1.12 billion euros in Peugeot 407". autonews.com. 8 December 2003. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
9. ^ "THE PEUGEOT 407 SW - ON SALE SEPTEMBER 2004". carpages.co.uk. 2 September 2004. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
10. ^ "Peugeot 407 Coupé revealed". autocar.co.uk. 30 July 2005. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
11. ^ "Peugeot 407 Coupe (2005 - 2011)". www.rac.co.uk. 8 July 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
12. ^ http://www.peugeot.com.au/media/deliacms/media/0/40-ebd00d.pdf
13. ^ "Peugeot 407 Saloon". euroncap.com. 2004.
14. ^ "Peugeot 407 Coupe". euroncap.com. 2005.
15. ^ ^{a b c} "Peugeot 407". 2004.
16. ^ "World: Analysis - Peugeot rises to challenge of running 'toys' in all territories". campaignlive.co.uk. 11 June 2004. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
17. ^ "Renault launches Laguna model with integrated media campaign". campaignlive.co.uk. 16 August 2002. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
18. ^ "Taxi 5 Is France's Answer To Fast & Furious". carbuzz.com. 4 February 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2020.
19. ^ "Peugeot 508 sedan and SW for early 2011". 14 September 2010.
20. ^ "The Peugeot 508 | Strong design at the heart of emotion" (PDF). www.peugeot.com. Peugeot. 12 July 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-09-30. Retrieved 1 October 2010.
21. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "PSA". Psa-peugeot-citroen.com. 2011-01-13. Archived from the original on 2010-12-06. Retrieved 2011-01-29 .
22. ^ ^{a b c} "Engine specs from PSA Peugeot Citroën" (PDF). Creator and designer. PSA Peugeot Citroën. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
23. ^ ^{a b c} "PSA Annual Report 2012" (PDF). Car manufacturers. PSA. Retrieved 5 April 2013. ^{[ permanent dead link ]}

External links [edit]

• Official international 407 English website

06 Peugeot 407

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peugeot_407

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Vector W8 Engine

Vector W8 Engine

Sports car produced from 1990 to 1993, based on the Vector W2

Motor vehicle

Vector W8
Overview
Manufacturer	Vector Aeromotive Corporation
Also called	Vector W8 Twin-Turbo
Production	1989–1993 22 produced[1]
Model years	1990–1993
Assembly	Wilmington, Los Angeles, California, United States
Designer	Gerald Wiegert David Kostka
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car (S)
Body style	2-door coupé
Layout	Rear transverse mid-engine, rear-wheel drive[2]
Platform	Carbon fiber and Kevlar body panels bonded on an aluminum honeycomb monocoque
Doors	Scissor
Powertrain
Engine	6.0 L Rodeck twin-turbocharged V8[3]
Transmission	3-speed General Motors Turbo-Hydramatic 425 automatic
Dimensions
Wheelbase	103.0 in (2,616 mm)[3]
Length	172.0 in (4,369 mm)[3]
Width	76.0 in (1,930 mm)[3]
Height	42.5 in (1,080 mm)[3]
Curb weight	1,506 kg (3,320 lb) (est.)[4]
Chronology
Predecessor	Vector W2
Successor	Vector WX-3

The Vector W8 is a sports car produced by American automobile manufacturer Vector Aeromotive Corporation from 1989 to 1993.^[1] It was designed by company founder and chief designer Gerald Wiegert^{[1] [5]} while receiving refinements by Vector's head of engineering David Kostka. The W8 was the production version of the Vector W2 prototype that the company demonstrated throughout the 1980s.

History and specifications [edit]

The W8 was an improved version of the company's earlier prototype, the W2. Production was delayed after the W2 was presented to the public in 1976 due to a downturn in the world economy and insufficient financial backing. Weigert was finally able to secure sufficient financial reserves by the late 1980s, and the company grew from one building and four employees to four buildings and 80 employees, enough to accomplish Weigert's dream to create his ultimate sports car.^[4] The design of the W8 was inspired by the Alfa Romeo Carabo, and continued that car's futuristic, wedge-shaped, aerodynamic design. The W8 combined the design characteristics of the Carabo with references to fighter jets of the era. The company utilized the newest and most advanced aerospace materials in manufacturing the W8, and the term "Aeromotive Engineering" was used by the company when referring to the manufacturing process of the W8. Prior to production, the W8 successfully passed DOT crash tests, as well as emissions tests. The semi-aluminum monocoque chassis was epoxy bonded and riveted with an aluminum honeycomb structure floor pan, and 5,000 aircraft specification rivets were used in the car's assembly. The body was made largely of lightweight carbon fiber and Kevlar.^[3]

The 6.0 L twin-turbocharged transversely mounted Rodeck V8 engine

The car was based around a Rodeck aluminum resleevable 365 cu in (6.0 L) racing engine featuring TRW forged pistons, Carrillo stainless-steel connecting rods, stainless-steel valves, roller rocker arms, a forged crank, a dry-sump oiling system with three separate filters and braided stainless-steel hoses, with anodized red and blue fittings. The transmission was a highly modified Turbo-Hydramatic 425 General Motors three-speed automatic that had been used in front wheel drive Oldsmobile Toronado dating back some two decades earlier. The engine had two intercooled Garrett turbochargers, and had an advertised power output of 625 hp (466 kW) at 5,700 rpm and 649 lb⋅ft (880 N⋅m) of torque at 4,900 rpm on 8 psi of boost pressure. Boost pressure levels were driver adjustable between 8 and 14 psi and during dyno testing at the factory, the engine recorded a maximum power output of 1,200 bhp (895 kW) at 14 psi of boost pressure. The W8 utilized special Michelin XGT Plus tires (255/45ZR-16 at the front, 315/40ZR-16 at the rear) bespoke to the car with wide wheels in a design made to the owner's specifications. The W8's suspension utilized double A-arms up front and De Dion tube suspension at the rear, located by four trailing arms that stretched all the way forward to the firewall. Koni adjustable shocks, with concentric springs, were used all around. Brakes were 13-inch vented discs with Alcon aluminum 4-piston calipers at the front and rear.

The interior was upholstered in premium leather and suede, along with wool carpeting and floor mats. Electrically adjustable Recaro leather seats and a premium air-conditioning system completed the luxurious interior. The seating position of the driver was slightly towards the center of the car for better drivability. The dashboard had four display screens with information about the car's status, along with buttons for adjusting the car's various functions. The dashboard displays were similar to fighter jets of the era. Some driving amenities were excluded, such as power-assisted steering and anti-lock brakes, to lower the curb weight. The W8 generated a skidpad acceleration of 0.97g, the highest in its class.^[2]

Performance, aerodynamics and production [edit]

Vector claimed the W8 could reach a projected top speed of 242 mph (389 km/h), with acceleration from 0–60 mph (0–97 km/h) achievable in a time of 3.9 seconds.^[5] During testing at the Bonneville Salt Flats, the W2 prototype attained a maximum speed of 242 mph (389 km/h) with a Donovan aluminum block engine that was less powerful than a production W8's engine,^[6] as reported by Top Wheels magazine. This top speed was attained while still using a high downforce rear wing. Later aerodynamic testing further honed efficiency, bringing the car's drag coefficient ( ${\displaystyle \scriptstyle C_{\mathrm {d} }\,}$ ) down to just 0.32 prior to DOT crash testing in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The W8's design included subtle changes to the body during the production run, so that the initial car off the line looked slightly different from the last. Changes included the elimination of some gills, a lower front fascia and air splitter, and adjustments of the rear wing, mirror intakes, and front grill. After the top speed testing, production Vector W8s were no longer fitted with a removable glass roof due to buffeting that occurred at extreme speeds.

Seventeen customer cars and two pre-production cars were produced before Vector went into receivership in 1993.^[4]

Hot Rod Magazine test results in December 1997:^[7]

• 0-30 mph (48.3 km/h): 3.5 sec

• 0-60 mph (96.6 km/h): 5.7 sec

• 0-80 mph (128.7 km/h): 7.2 sec

• 0-100 mph (160.9 km/h): 10.5 sec

• 0-120 mph (193.1 km/h): 13.3 sec

• 0-400 m ( 1⁄4  mi): 14.0 sec @ 126.7 mph

• 30–120 mph (48.3–193.1 km/h): 9.8 sec

Successor [edit]

The AWX-3 and AWX-3R were intended to be the successors of the W8. The model designations stood for Avtech Wiegert Experimental, 3rd generation, with the R suffix meaning the roadster version. Series production of the AWX-3 never began, production of the W8 ended in 1993 after a hostile takeover by the primary shareholder, Megatech. Wiegert sued Megatech and won back the design copyrights, equipment, and remaining unsold cars. In 1995, Megatech began production of the M12 which was based on the Lamborghini Diablo and was loosely based on the design of the AWX-3.

Media and reception [edit]

In 1991, the car received negative publicity when tennis star Andre Agassi returned his for a refund after the rear carpeting burned due to an overly hot exhaust system.^[8] Agassi had insisted upon delivery before the car was fully prepared, and Vector agreed to deliver it on the condition that the car would be kept in storage and not driven until Vector adjusted the emissions to make it road legal.^[9]

Also in 1991 Car and Driver was unable to complete testing of the W8 because all three cars provided broke down in different ways. In a 2017 article, the magazine noted that the Vector W8 serves as an example of why they don't believe manufacturer's claims about a vehicle without testing it themselves and described the W8 as "vaporware".^[10]

In contrast to the negative Car and Driver article, Road & Track road tested the car without encountering any problems, and published tests of the W8 in its March 1991 and August 1992 issues, praising nearly every aspect of the car's performance. In their tests, the W8 recorded a 0–60 mph acceleration time of 4.2 seconds. Despite not conducting a top speed test, they provided an estimated 218 mph (351 km/h) top speed based on the redline RPM of the W8's top gear in its 3-speed automatic transmission. The review concluded with: "Hats off to Gerald Wiegert and his team of dedicated engineers, and to all others with the fortitude and determination to have their dreams see the light of day."^[4]

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c} Melissen, Wouter (July 25, 2005). "1990–1993 Vector W8 Twin Turbo". Ultimatecarpage.com. Retrieved January 7, 2009.
2. ^ ^{a b} "Vector W8". Supercars.net Publishing. Retrieved January 7, 2009.
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "1992 W8 twinturbo". Vector Motors Corporation. Archived from the original on January 18, 2009. Retrieved January 7, 2009.
4. ^ ^{a b c d} Kott, Douglas (May 19, 2016). "Vector W8 Twin-Turbo First Drive". Road & Track . Retrieved June 8, 2018.
5. ^ ^{a b} "Vector Motors – Company". Vector Motors Corp. Retrieved January 7, 2009.
6. ^ "1992 Vector W8".
7. ^ "Hot Rod Magazine: Porsche GT1 vs. Ferrari F40 vs. Vector W8TT vs. NISMO 400R vs. Dodge Viper GTS vs. McLaren F1 vs. Lamborghini Diablo SE vs. Ferrari F50 vs. Bugatti EB110 S". December 1997.
8. ^ McGinn, Daniel (November 5, 1995). "Lemon Or Lemonade?". Newsweek. Archived from the original on March 3, 2018.
9. ^ "1978-1998 Vector". auto.howstuffworks.com . Retrieved June 17, 2019.
10. ^ Csere, Csaba (January 18, 2021). "The Time We Tested a Vector W8 Highlights Why We Test Cars in the First Place". Car and Driver. Hearst Autos, Inc. Archived from the original on March 7, 2021.

1. jezza

External links [edit]

• Vector Motors Corporation

Vector W8 Engine

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector_W8

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